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annotate website/src/tutorial.html @ 1325:28c1fc6d9d29
website - make docs html
| author | Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> |
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| date | Thu, 07 Feb 2019 23:00:20 -0700 |
| parents | website/src/tutorial.html.luan@1660136ac451 |
| children | 29d6d7d79c41 |
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| 1216 | 1 <!doctype html> |
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2 <html> |
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3 <head> |
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4 <title>Luan Tutorial</title> |
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5 <style> |
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6 @import "/site.css"; |
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7 </style> |
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8 </head> |
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9 <body> |
| 382 | 10 |
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11 <div small><a href="/">Luan</a></div> |
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12 |
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13 <h1>Luan Tutorial</h1> |
| 382 | 14 |
| 15 | |
| 16 <p>Create a file <b>hello.luan</b> containing:</p> | |
| 17 | |
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18 <pre> |
| 382 | 19 %> |
| 20 Hello World | |
| 21 <% | |
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22 </pre> |
| 382 | 23 |
| 1045 | 24 <p>To run this, type <b>luan hello.luan</b> on the command line. This should print <b>Hello World</b>.</p> |
| 382 | 25 |
| 26 <p>The syntax here is based on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pages">JSP</a>. Let's change it a little:</p> | |
| 27 | |
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28 <pre> |
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29 local name = "Bob" |
| 382 | 30 %> |
| 31 Hello <%= name %> | |
| 32 <% | |
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33 </pre> |
| 382 | 34 |
| 35 <p>This should print <b>Hello Bob</b>. Now let's try a more conventional approach:</p> | |
| 36 | |
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37 <pre> |
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38 local Io = require "luan:Io.luan" |
| 382 | 39 local print = Io.print |
| 40 | |
| 41 print("Hello World") | |
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42 </pre> |
| 382 | 43 |
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44 <p>In Luan, a function call with one string argument doesn't require parenthesis, so <b>print("Hello World")</b> is the same as <b>print "Hello World"</b> and <b>require "luan:Io.luan"</b> is the same as <b>require("luan:Io.luan")</b>. Both <b>require</b> and <b>print</b> are functions.</p> |
| 382 | 45 |
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46 <p>The <b>require</b> function takes a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_resource_identifier">URI</a> as an argument. Examples of URIs are "<b>luan:Io.luan</b>" and "<b>file:hello.luan</b>". <b>require</b> is used to import a module, which is returned from the <b>require</b> function call. In the case above, we assign the module to the local variable <b>Io</b>. The function <b>print</b> is a member of this module. We could have done <b>Io.print("Hello World")</b> but instead we chose to assign <b>print</b> to a local variable and use that to call the function.</p> |
| 382 | 47 |
| 48 <p>Luan starts with only two defined functions: <b>require</b> and <b>java</b>. You will use <b>require</b> to import whatever you need. This is a little more work, but makes it clear in each file where each function comes from.</p> | |
| 49 | |
| 50 <p>Let's a make fancier version:</p> | |
| 51 | |
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52 <pre> |
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53 local Io = require "luan:Io.luan" |
| 382 | 54 local print = Io.print |
| 55 | |
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56 local function hello(name) |
| 382 | 57 print("Hello "..name) |
| 58 end | |
| 59 | |
| 60 hello("Bob") | |
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61 </pre> |
| 382 | 62 |
| 63 <p>The <b>..</b> operator does concatenation. This will print <b>Hello Bob</b>.</p> | |
| 64 | |
| 1217 | 65 <p>Now let's make a web page. First we need a directory for our website. So create a directory <b>site</b>. In this directory, create a file <b>hi.html.luan</b> containing: |
| 382 | 66 |
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67 <pre> |
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68 local Io = require "luan:Io.luan" |
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69 local Http = require "luan:http/Http.luan" |
| 382 | 70 |
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71 return function() |
| 382 | 72 Io.stdout = Http.response.text_writer() |
| 736 | 73 %> |
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74 <!doctype html> |
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75 <html> |
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76 <body> |
| 736 | 77 Hello World |
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78 </body> |
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79 </html> |
| 736 | 80 <% |
| 382 | 81 end |
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82 </pre> |
| 382 | 83 |
| 1217 | 84 <p>Now go back to the parent directory and do <b>luan luan:http/serve.luan file:site</b>. This will run the Luan web server on port 8080. Try going to <a href="http://localhost:8080/">http://localhost:8080/</a>. You should see the directory. If you click on <b>hi.html.luan</b> you will see the source. But if you remove the <b>.luan</b> and just go to <a href="http://localhost:8080/hi.html">http://localhost:8080/hi.html</a> then you will run the program which will generate the web page.</p> |
| 382 | 85 |
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86 <p>The Luan webserver expects the file to return a function and calls it to generate the page. Code of the form <b>%>...<%</b> writes its output to <b>Io.stdout</b> which by default is the standard output of the command line. So in the returned function one usually starts by setting <b>Io.stdout</b> to a <code>text_writer</code> which writes its output to the HTTP response (to the web browser).</p> |
| 382 | 87 |
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88 <p>You can find this example and others in the <a href="examples/">examples directory</a>. Take a look at <a href="examples/hi2.luan">hi2.luan</a> next. Remember to remove the <b>.luan</b> from the URL to run the code.</p> |
| 382 | 89 |
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90 <p>So now you have built your website and you want to publish it to the web. If you have your own domain, create a CNAME record for it pointing to <b>s1.luan.ws</b>. If you don't have a domain, just use a domain like <b>bob.s1.luan.ws</b> (anything of the form <b>*.s1.luan.ws</b>). Assuming your directory is <b>site</b> and you will use the password <b>secret</b>, do the following from the command line: |
| 382 | 91 |
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92 <pre> |
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93 luan luan:host/push.luan bob.s1.luan.ws secret site |
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94 </pre> |
| 382 | 95 |
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96 <p>The form is <b>luan luan:host/push.luan domain password directory</b>. If you change your site, just run this again and your site will be updated. To delete your site, do <b>luan luan:host/delete.luan domain password</b>.</p> |
| 382 | 97 |
| 98 <p>Hopefully this short tutorial gave you an idea of how to use Luan to make a website.</p> | |
| 99 | |
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100 </body> |
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101 </html> |