Mercurial Hosting > luan
annotate website/src/diff.html @ 1647:7eddf1e990c0
minor
| author | Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Tue, 22 Mar 2022 09:00:59 -0700 |
| parents | 0af6a9d6d12f |
| children |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 1216 | 1 <!doctype html> |
|
391
2f5cc9c2cbf0
replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
390
diff
changeset
|
2 <html> |
|
2f5cc9c2cbf0
replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
390
diff
changeset
|
3 <head> |
|
2f5cc9c2cbf0
replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
390
diff
changeset
|
4 <title>How Luan differs from Lua</title> |
|
1521
d3e61cd2aca0
docs and shell bug fix
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1520
diff
changeset
|
5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
6 <style> |
|
1326
29d6d7d79c41
website - use relative paths
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1325
diff
changeset
|
7 @import "site.css"; |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
8 </style> |
|
391
2f5cc9c2cbf0
replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
390
diff
changeset
|
9 </head> |
|
2f5cc9c2cbf0
replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
390
diff
changeset
|
10 <body> |
| 353 | 11 |
|
1326
29d6d7d79c41
website - use relative paths
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1325
diff
changeset
|
12 <div small> |
|
29d6d7d79c41
website - use relative paths
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1325
diff
changeset
|
13 <a href=".">Luan</a> |
|
29d6d7d79c41
website - use relative paths
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1325
diff
changeset
|
14 / <a href="docs.html">Documentation</a> |
|
29d6d7d79c41
website - use relative paths
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1325
diff
changeset
|
15 </div> |
|
1324
1660136ac451
website - remove Shared.luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1216
diff
changeset
|
16 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
17 <h1><a href="diff.html">How Luan differs from Lua</a></h1> |
| 353 | 18 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
19 <p>This document explains how Luan differs from <a href="http://www.lua.org">Lua</a> as described in the <a href="http://www.lua.org/manual/5.3/">Lua 5.3 Reference Manual</a>.</p> |
| 372 | 20 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
21 <hr/> |
| 353 | 22 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
23 <h2>Contents</h2> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
24 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
25 <div contents><a href="#intro">Introduction</a></div> |
| 353 | 26 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
27 <div contents> |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
28 <a href="#basic">Basic Concepts</a> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
29 <ul> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
30 <li><a href="#types">Values and Types</a></li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
31 <li><a href="#env">Environments</a></li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
32 <li><a href="#error">Error Handling</a></li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
33 <li><a href="#meta">Metatables and Metamethods</a></li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
34 <li><a href="#gc">Garbage Collection</a></li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
35 <li><a href="#coroutines">Coroutines</a></li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
36 </ul> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
37 </div> |
| 353 | 38 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
39 <div contents> |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
40 <a href="#lang">The Language</a> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
41 <ul> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
42 <li><a href="#lex">Lexical Conventions</a></li> |
|
512
d96944467ffc
update documentation for luan changes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
505
diff
changeset
|
43 <li><a href="#vars">Variables</a></li> |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
44 <li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
45 <a href="#stmt">Statements</a> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
46 <ul> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
47 <li><a href="#control">Control Structures</a></li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
48 <li><a href="#for">For Statement</a></li> |
| 1520 | 49 <li><a href="#try">Try Statement</a></li> |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
50 <li><a href="#logical">Logical Statements</a></li> |
| 465 | 51 <li><a href="#template_stmt">Template Statements</a></li> |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
52 </ul> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
53 </li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
54 <li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
55 <a href="#expr">Expressions</a> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
56 <ul> |
| 465 | 57 <li><a href="#conversions">Coercions and Conversions</a></li> |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
58 <li><a href="#bit">Bitwise Operators</a></li> |
| 465 | 59 <li><a href="#logical_ops">Logical Operators</a></li> |
| 60 <li><a href="#concatenation">Concatenation</a></li> | |
|
686
33f1b4ad2c9d
more documentation fixes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
685
diff
changeset
|
61 <li><a href="#constructors">Table Constructors</a></li> |
| 465 | 62 <li><a href="#fn_calls">Function Calls</a></li> |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
63 </ul> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
64 </li> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
65 </ul> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
66 </div> |
| 353 | 67 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
68 <hr/> |
|
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
69 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
70 <h2 heading><a name="intro" href="#intro">Introduction</a></h2> |
| 372 | 71 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
72 <p>Lua is one of the simplest languages available, but Luan is even simpler. This means Luan removes more than it adds. Most of what is added is added in the library, not in the language itself.</p> |
| 353 | 73 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
74 <p>Luan is implemented in Java and is tightly integrated with Java. This makes it an excellent scripting language for Java.</p> |
| 353 | 75 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
76 <h2 heading><a name="basic" href="#basic">Basic Concepts</a></h2> |
| 353 | 77 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
78 <h3 heading><a name="types" href="#types">Values and Types</a></h3> |
| 353 | 79 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
80 <p>Luan does not have the Lua <em>thread</em> type. Luan adds a <em>binary</em> type that Lua doesn't have. This is because Lua strings can represent binary while Luan strings cannot.</p> |
| 353 | 81 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
82 <p>The Luan <em>Nil</em> type is implemented as the Java <em>null</em>. The Luan <em>Boolean</em> type is implemented as the Java <em>Boolean</em> type. The Luan <em>Number</em> type is implemented as the Java <em>Number</em> type. The Luan <em>String</em> type is implemented as the Java <em>String</em> type. Actual numbers may be any subclass of the Java <em>Number</em> class.</p> |
| 353 | 83 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
84 <p>Luan functions may be written in Luan or may be wrappers around native Java methods. Any Java method may be called as a Luan function.</p> |
| 353 | 85 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
86 <p>The Luan <em>java</em> type is a replacement for Lua's <em>userdata</em>. A Luan <em>java</em> value is nothing more than a Java object that doesn't fall into one of the other recognized types.</p> |
| 353 | 87 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
88 <p>The Luan <em>binary</em> type is the Java <em>byte[ ]</em> type which is an array of bytes.</p> |
| 353 | 89 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
90 <p>The Luan <em>table</em> type is just like its Lua equivalent, but implemented in Java.</p> |
| 353 | 91 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
92 <h3 heading><a name="env" href="#env">Environments</a></h3> |
| 353 | 93 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
94 <p>Luan has no global environment at all, no <code>_G</code>. By default, Luan doesn't define <code>_ENV</code> either, but if you define it as a local table in a chunk, then it acts like it does in Lua. When <code>_ENV</code> isn't defined, there are no global variables and an unrecognized variable name produces a compile error.</p> |
| 353 | 95 |
|
1521
d3e61cd2aca0
docs and shell bug fix
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1520
diff
changeset
|
96 <p>Every module is initialized with one local function: <code>require</code>. The module then uses this function to get access to whatever else it needs.</p> |
| 353 | 97 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
98 <h3 heading><a name="error" href="#error">Error Handling</a></h3> |
| 353 | 99 |
|
1521
d3e61cd2aca0
docs and shell bug fix
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1520
diff
changeset
|
100 <p>Luan has the function <code>error</code> but does not have <code>pcall</code> or <code>xpcall</code>. Luan adds the <a href="#try">try statement</a> instead. Luan errors are implemented as an error table, not as a message object.</p> |
| 353 | 101 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
102 <h3 heading><a name="meta" href="#meta">Metatables and Metamethods</a></h3> |
| 353 | 103 |
| 465 | 104 <p>Luan only has metatable for tables, not for other types.</p> |
| 353 | 105 |
| 685 | 106 <p>Luan does not support the <b>call</b> metamethod. There is nothing that one can do with the <b>call</b> metamethod that can't be done more cleanly with closures, so this was left out.</p> |
| 107 | |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
108 <h3 heading><a name="gc" href="#gc">Garbage Collection</a></h3> |
| 353 | 109 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
110 <p>Luan uses Java garbage collection. Luan has no special garbage collection methods.</p> |
| 353 | 111 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
112 <p>Luan does not yet have weak tables but this will be added.</p> |
| 353 | 113 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
114 <h3 heading><a name="coroutines" href="#coroutines">Coroutines</a></h3> |
| 353 | 115 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
116 <p>Luan does not have coroutines. Coroutines is a complex concept that isn't needed in a simple language, so it was left out.</p> |
| 353 | 117 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
118 <h2 heading><a name="lang" href="#lang">The Language</a></h2> |
| 353 | 119 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
120 <h3 heading><a name="lex" href="#lex">Lexical Conventions</a></h3> |
| 353 | 121 |
| 685 | 122 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan considers the end of a line to be the end of a statement. This catches errors and encourages readability. If you want to continue a statement on another line, you can use a backslash followed by a newline which will be treated as white space.</p> |
| 353 | 123 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
124 <p>Luan has exactly the same set of keywords as Lua and has the same other lexical conventions.</p> |
| 353 | 125 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
126 <h3 heading><a name="vars" href="#vars">Variables</a></h3> |
|
512
d96944467ffc
update documentation for luan changes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
505
diff
changeset
|
127 |
|
d96944467ffc
update documentation for luan changes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
505
diff
changeset
|
128 <p> |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
129 By default, there are no global variables and an undefined variable produces a compile error. To enable global variables, one must define <code>_ENV</code>. Avoiding global variables makes it much easier to catch errors at compile time. |
|
512
d96944467ffc
update documentation for luan changes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
505
diff
changeset
|
130 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
131 <h3 heading><a name="stmt" href="#stmt">Statements</a></h3> |
| 353 | 132 |
|
1521
d3e61cd2aca0
docs and shell bug fix
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1520
diff
changeset
|
133 <p>Luan adds the block terminators <b>end_do</b>, <b>end_for</b>, <b>end_function</b>, <b>end_if</b>, <b>end_try</b>, and <b>end_while</b>. These can be used to end the appropriate block type, but <b>end</b> can also be used to end any block.</p> |
| 1092 | 134 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
135 <p>Most statements in Luan are the same as Lua. Only those statements that differ will be listed here.</p> |
| 353 | 136 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
137 <h4 heading><a name="control" href="#control">Control Structures</a></h4> |
| 353 | 138 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
139 <p>The Luan <b>if</b>, <b>while</b>, and <b>repeat</b> statement are the same as in Lua except that the condition expression must return a boolean value. Any other value type will produce an error. This helps catch errors and makes code more readable.</p> |
| 353 | 140 |
| 1645 | 141 <p>Luan adds the <b>continue</b> statement which is used inside loops.</p> |
| 142 | |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
143 <p>Luan does not have a <b>goto</b> statement.</p> |
| 353 | 144 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
145 <h4 heading><a name="for" href="#for">For Statement</a></h4> |
| 353 | 146 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
147 <p>Luan has no numeric <b>for</b> statement. Luan only has generic <b>for</b> statement. Instead of the numeric <b>for</b> statement, Luan uses the <code>range</code> function in a generic <b>for</b> statement like this:</p> |
| 353 | 148 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
149 <pre> |
|
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
150 for i in range(from,to,step) do <em>block</em> end |
|
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
151 </pre> |
| 353 | 152 |
| 468 | 153 <p>The Luan generic <b>for</b> statement is simpler than the Lua version because Luan only uses an expression, not an explist. So a <b>for</b> statement like:</p> |
| 353 | 154 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
155 <pre> |
| 390 | 156 for var_1, ···, var_n in exp do block end |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
157 </pre> |
| 353 | 158 |
| 389 | 159 <p>is equivalent to the code:</p> |
| 353 | 160 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
161 <pre> |
| 353 | 162 do |
| 163 local f = exp | |
| 164 while true do | |
| 390 | 165 local var_1, ···, var_n = f() |
| 353 | 166 if var_1 == nil then break end |
| 167 block | |
| 168 end | |
| 169 end | |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
170 </pre> |
| 353 | 171 |
| 1520 | 172 |
| 173 <h4 heading><a name="try" href="#for">Try Statement</a></h4> | |
| 174 | |
| 175 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan has a <b>try</b> statement. See <a href="manual.html#try">Try Statement</a> in the Luan Reference Manual. This also eliminates the need for Lua's <b>pcall</b> function which Luan doesn't have.</p> | |
| 176 | |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
177 <h4 heading><a name="logical" href="#logical">Logical Statements</a></h4> |
| 353 | 178 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
179 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan allows <b>or</b> and <b>and</b> expressions to be stand-alone statements. This is useful in cases like this:</p> |
| 353 | 180 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
181 <pre> |
| 353 | 182 x==5 or error "x should be 5" |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
183 </pre> |
| 353 | 184 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
185 <h4 heading><a name="template_stmt" href="#template_stmt">Template Statements</a></h4> |
| 367 | 186 |
| 465 | 187 <p>Template statements are a Luan addition that don't exist in Lua. See <a href="manual.html#template_stmt">Template Statements</a> in the Luan Reference Manual.</p> |
| 367 | 188 |
| 189 | |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
190 <h3 heading><a name="expr" href="#expr">Expressions</a></h3> |
| 367 | 191 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
192 <h4 heading><a name="conversions" href="#conversions">Coercions and Conversions</a></h4> |
| 465 | 193 |
| 194 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan does not do automatic conversions of strings to numbers.</p> | |
| 195 | |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
196 <h4 heading><a name="bit" href="#bit">Bitwise Operators</a></h4> |
| 367 | 197 |
| 465 | 198 <p>Bitwise operators appear to be a new addition to Lua 5.3 and didn't exist in Lua 5.2. Luan does not support bitwise operators, but these can be added if there is a need.</p> |
| 367 | 199 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
200 <h4 heading><a name="logical_ops" href="#logical_ops">Logical Operators</a></h4> |
| 367 | 201 |
|
386
db23f654f87d
make all of website use luan
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
372
diff
changeset
|
202 <p>The only change in Luan is that <b>not</b> must take a boolean argument. This helps catch errors and makes code more readable.</p> |
| 367 | 203 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
204 <h4 heading><a name="concatenation" href="#concatenation">Concatenation</a></h4> |
| 465 | 205 |
| 206 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan converts all concatenation operands to strings. | |
| 207 | |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
208 <h4 heading><a name="constructors" href="#constructors">Table Constructors</a></h4> |
|
686
33f1b4ad2c9d
more documentation fixes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
685
diff
changeset
|
209 |
|
33f1b4ad2c9d
more documentation fixes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
685
diff
changeset
|
210 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan considers an <b>end_of_line</b> to be a field separator in a table constructor.</p> |
|
33f1b4ad2c9d
more documentation fixes
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
685
diff
changeset
|
211 |
|
1327
b29eefad2111
website - improve docs
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
1326
diff
changeset
|
212 <h4 heading><a name="fn_calls" href="#fn_calls">Function Calls</a></h4> |
| 367 | 213 |
|
1090
616761e0b9f6
update documentation for last change
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
693
diff
changeset
|
214 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan does not allow extra non-nil arguments to be passed to a function. In Luan, this causes an error. This change helps find coding mistakes that would be very hard to detect otherwise.</p> |
|
616761e0b9f6
update documentation for last change
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
693
diff
changeset
|
215 |
|
562
7cc9d4a53d3b
remove SimplyHTML from documentation
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
216 <p>Luan does not support Lua's <code>v:name(args)</code> style object-oriented function call. Object oriented programming is done in Luan using closures, so this feature is not needed.</p> |
| 367 | 217 |
| 685 | 218 <p>Luan doesn't support <em>proper tail calls</em>. Because Java doesn't support this cleanly, this was left out.</p> |
| 219 | |
|
391
2f5cc9c2cbf0
replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
390
diff
changeset
|
220 </body> |
|
2f5cc9c2cbf0
replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom
Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
parents:
390
diff
changeset
|
221 </html> |