repo/luan: website/src/diff.html.luan annotate

annotate website/src/diff.html.luan @ 433:c6bcb8859b93

make LuanState.registry a Map; remove generics from DeepCloneable; add Map support to DeepCloner;

author	Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com>
date	Sun, 03 May 2015 15:45:39 -0600
parents	2f5cc9c2cbf0
children	eddf7c73373b

rev	line source
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	1 local Io = require "luan:Io"
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	2 local Html = require "luan:Html"
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	3 local Http = require "luan:web/Http"
387 23d075ce1e48 add website/src/Shared.luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 386 diff changeset	4 local Shared = require "site:/Shared"
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	5
38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	6
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	7 function service()
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	8 Io.stdout = Http.response.text_writer()
391 2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	9 %>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	10 <html>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	11 <head>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	12 <% Html.simply_html_head() %>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	13 <title>How Luan differs from Lua</title>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	14 </head>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	15 <body>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	16
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	17 <div container>
387 23d075ce1e48 add website/src/Shared.luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 386 diff changeset	18 <% Shared.header() %>
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	19 <h1>How Luan differs from Lua</h1>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	20
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	21 <p>This document explains how Luan differs from <a href="http://www.lua.org">Lua</a> as described in the <a href="http://www.lua.org/manual/5.3/">Lua 5.3 Reference Manual</a>.</p>
372 f08cefa4594c start editing manual Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 370 diff changeset	22
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	23 <hr/>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	24
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	25 <h2>Contents</h2>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	26
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	27 <div margin-bottom="1em"><a href="#intro">Introduction</a></div>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	28
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	29 <div margin-bottom="1em">
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	30 <a href="#basic">Basic Concepts</a>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	31 <ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	32 <li><a href="#types">Values and Types</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	33 <li><a href="#env">Environments</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	34 <li><a href="#error">Error Handling</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	35 <li><a href="#meta">Metatables and Metamethods</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	36 <li><a href="#gc">Garbage Collection</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	37 <li><a href="#coroutines">Coroutines</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	38 </ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	39 </div>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	40
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	41 <div margin-bottom="1em">
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	42 <a href="#lang">The Language</a>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	43 <ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	44 <li><a href="#lex">Lexical Conventions</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	45 <li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	46 <a href="#stmt">Statements</a>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	47 <ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	48 <li><a href="#control">Control Structures</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	49 <li><a href="#for">For Statement</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	50 <li><a href="#logical">Logical Statements</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	51 <li><a href="#template-stmt">Template Statements</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	52 </ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	53 </li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	54 <li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	55 <a href="#expr">Expressions</a>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	56 <ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	57 <li><a href="#bit">Bitwise Operators</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	58 <li><a href="#local-ops">Logical Operators</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	59 <li><a href="#fn-call">Function Calls</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	60 <li><a href="#template-expr">Template Expressions</a></li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	61 </ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	62 </li>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	63 </ul>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	64 </div>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	65
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	66 <hr/>
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	67
db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	68 <h2 margin-top="1em"><a name="intro">Introduction</a></h2>
372 f08cefa4594c start editing manual Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 370 diff changeset	69
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	70 <p>Lua is one of the simplest languages available, but Luan is even simpler. This means Luan removes more than it adds. Most of what is added is added in the library, not in the language itself.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	71
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	72 <p>Luan is implemented in Java and is tightly integrated with Java. This makes it an excellent scripting language for Java.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	73
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	74 <h2 margin-top="1em"><a name="basic">Basic Concepts</a></h2>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	75
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	76 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="types">Values and Types</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	77
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	78 <p>Luan does not have the Lua <i>thread</i> type. Luan add a <i>binary</i> type that Lua doesn't have. This is because Lua strings can represent binary while Luan strings cannot.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	79
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	80 <p>The Luan <i>Nil</i> type is implemented as the Java <i>null</i>. The Luan <i>Boolean</i> type is implemented as the Java <i>Boolean</i> type. The Luan <i>Number</i> type is implemented as the Java <i>Number</i> type. The Luan <i>String</i> type is implemented as the Java <i>String</i> type. Actual numbers may be any subclass of the Java <i>Number</i> class.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	81
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	82 <p>Luan functions may be written in Luan or may be wrappers around native Java methods. Any Java method may be called as a Luan function.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	83
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	84 <p>Luan <i>userdata</i> is nothing more than a Java object that doesn't fall into one of the other recognized types.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	85
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	86 <p>The Luan <i>binary</i> type is the Java <i>byte[ ]</i> type which is an array of bytes.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	87
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	88 <p>The Luan <i>table</i> type is just like its Lua equivalent, but implemented in Java.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	89
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	90 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="env">Environments</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	91
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	92 <p>Luan has an <tt>_ENV</tt> which is like its Lua equivalent. However Luan has no global environment at all, no <tt>_G</tt>.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	93
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	94 <p>Every module is initialized with two local functions: <tt>require</tt> and <tt>java</tt>. The module then uses these functions to get access to whatever else it needs.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	95
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	96 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="error">Error Handling</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	97
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	98 <p>Luan has the functions <tt>error</tt> and <tt>pcall</tt> but does not have <tt>xpcall</tt>. Luan adds the function <tt>try</tt> which looks and acts like try-catch blocks in other languages.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	99
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	100 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="meta">Metatables and Metamethods</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	101
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	102 <p>to document later...</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	103
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	104 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="gc">Garbage Collection</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	105
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	106 <p>Luan uses Java garbage collection. Luan has no special garbage collection methods.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	107
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	108 <p>Luan does not yet have weak tables but this will be added.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	109
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	110 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="coroutines">Coroutines</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	111
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	112 <p>Luan does not have coroutines. Coroutines is a complex concept that isn't needed in a simple language, so it was left out.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	113
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	114 <h2 margin-top="1em"><a name="lang">The Language</a></h2>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	115
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	116 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="lex">Lexical Conventions</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	117
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	118 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan generally considers the end of a line to be the end of a statement. This catches errors and encourages readability. The exception to this is in paranthesis ( <i>(...)</i>, <i>[...]</i>, and <i>{...}</i> ) where the end of line is treated as white space.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	119
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	120 <p>Luan has exactly the same set of keywords as Lua and has the same other lexical conventions.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	121
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	122 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="stmt">Statements</a></h3>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	123
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	124 <p>Most statements in Luan are the same as Lua. Only those statements that differ will be listed here.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	125
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	126 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="control">Control Structures</a></h4>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	127
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	128 <p>The Luan <b>if</b>, <b>while</b>, and <b>repeat</b> statement are the same as in Lua except that the condition expression must return a boolean value. Any other value type will produce an error. This helps catch errors and makes code more readable.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	129
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	130 <p>Luan does not have a <b>goto</b> statement.</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	131
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	132 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="for">For Statement</a></h4>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	133
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	134 <p>Luan has no numeric <b>for</b> statement. Luan only has generic <b>for</b> statement. Instead of the numeric <b>for</b> statement, Luan uses the <tt>range</tt> function in a generic <b>for</b> statement like this:</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	135
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	136 <p><tt><pre>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	137 for i in range(from,to,step) do <i>block</i> end
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	138 </pre></tt></p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	139
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	140 <p>The Luan generic <b>for</b> statement is simpler than the Lua version because Luan only uses and expression, not an explist. So a <b>for</b> statement like:</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	141
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	142 <p><tt><pre>
390 bfbbce690bba minor Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 389 diff changeset	143 for var_1, ···, var_n in exp do block end
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	144 </pre></tt></p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	145
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	146 <p>is equivalent to the code:</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	147
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	148 <p><tt><pre>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	149 do
38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	150 local f = exp
38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	151 while true do
390 bfbbce690bba minor Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 389 diff changeset	152 local var_1, ···, var_n = f()
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	153 if var_1 == nil then break end
38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	154 block
38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	155 end
38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	156 end
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	157 </pre></tt></p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	158
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	159 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="logical">Logical Statements</a></h4>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	160
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	161 <p>Unlike Lua, Luan allows <b>or</b> and <b>and</b> expressions to be stand-alone statements. This is useful in cases like this:</p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	162
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	163 <p><tt><pre>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	164 x==5 or error "x should be 5"
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	165 </pre></tt></p>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	166
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	167 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="template-stmt">Template Statements</a></h4>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	168
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	169 <p>Template statements are based on <a href="#template-expr">template exressions</a> and provide the full equivalent of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pages">JSP</a> but in a general way. Template statements write the equivalent template exression to standard output. For example:</p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	170
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	171 <p><tt><pre><%=Html.encode[[
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	172 local name = "Bob"
c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	173 %>
c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	174 Hello <%=name%>!
c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	175 Bye <%=name%>.
c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	176 <%
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	177 ]]%></pre></tt></p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	178
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	179 <p>is equivalent to the code:</p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	180
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	181 <p><tt><pre><%=Html.encode[[
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	182 local name = "Bob"
370 7999601586b1 minor documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 367 diff changeset	183 require("luan:Io").stdout.write( %>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	184 Hello <%=name%>!
c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	185 Bye <%=name%>.
c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	186 <% )
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	187 ]]%></pre></tt></p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	188
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	189 <h3 margin-top="1em"><a name="expr">Expressions</a></h3>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	190
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	191 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="bit">Bitwise Operators</a></h4>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	192
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	193 <p>Bitwise operators appear to be new addition to Lua 5.3 and didn't exist in Lua 5.2. Luan does not support bitwise operators, but these can be added if there is a need.</p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	194
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	195 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="local-ops">Logical Operators</a></h4>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	196
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	197 <p>The only change in Luan is that <b>not</b> must take a boolean argument. This helps catch errors and makes code more readable.</p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	198
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	199 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="fn-call">Function Calls</a></h4>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	200
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	201 <p>Luan does not support Lua's <tt>v:name(args)</tt> style object-oriented function call. Object oriented programming is done in Luan using closures, so this feature is not needed.</p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	202
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	203 <h4 margin-top="1em"><a name="template-expr">Template Expressions</a></h4>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	204
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	205 <p>Luan adds a new type of expression based on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pages">JSP</a> called template expressions. Template expressions return multiple values. Here is an example:</p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	206
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	207 <p><tt><pre><%=Html.encode[[
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	208 local name = "Bob"
c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	209 write( %>Hello <%=name%>!<% )
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	210 ]]%></pre></tt></p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	211
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	212 <p>This is equivalent to the code:</p>
370 7999601586b1 minor documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 367 diff changeset	213
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	214 <p><tt><pre>
370 7999601586b1 minor documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 367 diff changeset	215 local name = "Bob"
7999601586b1 minor documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 367 diff changeset	216 write( "Hello ", name, "!" )
389 497d4ef0a89f documentation work Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 387 diff changeset	217 </pre></tt></p>
370 7999601586b1 minor documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 367 diff changeset	218
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	219 <p>The strings in template expressions may be multiple lines.</p>
367 c207be7cf45d more documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 354 diff changeset	220
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	221 </div>
353 38c19ecc384d start documentation Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: diff changeset	222
391 2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	223 <% Html.simply_html_body_bottom() %>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	224 </body>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	225 </html>
2f5cc9c2cbf0 replace Html.simply_html_page with simply_html_head and simply_html_body_bottom Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 390 diff changeset	226 <%
386 db23f654f87d make all of website use luan Franklin Schmidt <fschmidt@gmail.com> parents: 372 diff changeset	227 end

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annotate website/src/diff.html.luan @ 433:c6bcb8859b93